Chemical Toxicity In Some Acne And Rosacea Treatments

Acne and rosacea treatments can contain a variety of chemical ingredients as preservatives, stabilizers, and synthetic fragrances. Despite the manufacturer's claims, these substances may not be 100 % safe. Long-term use of such chemical ingredients can result in constant low grade irritation, dehydration, and accelerated aging of the skin. Unfortunately, lack of conclusive research in the area allows skin care manufacturers to sell potentially damaging skin care solutions.

What is even more worrisome is that the harmful effects frequently extend beyond the skin. The chemical toxins can be absorbed into the body through the skin and mucous membranes. Widespread adverse effects may be seen in the gastrointestinal system, liver and the nervous system.

Synthetic chemicals in acne treatments should be avoided as they can actually exacerbate existing skin conditions. Consumers should also be aware that some of these ingredients have been found to be carcinogenic in animal studies. A quick look at the ingredients and knowledge of common toxins (listed below) will help consumers identify noxious products.

The safety panel of the cosmetic industry periodically reviews ingredients in skin care products. These chemicals are then classified into three categories: safe, safe with qualifications, and unsafe for use. Some ingredients like Disodium dimethicone copolyol sulfosuccinate, (Glyceryl distearate) have not even been assessed for safety by the panel. Products containing unevaluated substances are best avoided.

Apart from this, consumers can also refer to some excellent resources on the Internet such as the Environmental Working Group (EWG) website. The EWG has reviewed scientific studies and performed their own independent laboratory tests to expose health threats from skin care products sold in the United States.

Although it is very difficult to find a brand completely devoid of harmful substances, consumers should choose a brand with the lowest risk.

Potentially harmful chemicals found in acne treatments
Propylene glycol: This petroleum derivative is used in various cosmetics as a delivery vehicle and solvent. It acts as a penetration enhancer and allows other chemicals to penetrate deeply into the skin and can be toxic to the brain, liver and kidney. Propylene glycol may cause skin irritation, including contact dermatitis, and is also blamed for premature aging of the skin.

Imidazolidinyl Urea and Diazolidinyl Urea: Both of these agents are used as a preservative in various cosmetics and can cause allergic dermatitis. They are toxic to the gastrointestinal system and release formaldehyde, a potentially toxic chemical and carcinogen. In addition, diazolidinyl urea may also cause toxicity to the central nervous system. The cosmetic industry safety panel has found it safe for use when the concentration is below 0.5%.

Benzophenone-4: This ingredient is declared safe for cosmetics use, according to the industry safety panel. However, it can cause immune reactions, in the form of itching, burning, scaling, hives, and blistering of skin, or severe respiratory reaction.

Sorbitol: Sorbitol requires a special enzyme (sorbital dehydrogenase) for its digestion. Systemically absorbed sorbitol can be rather troublesome in people without that enzyme. It may cause flatulence, diarrhea, and cramps in such individuals.

References: 1. Bergfeld W.F., Belsito D.V., Marks J.G., Andersen F.A.: Safety of ingredients used in cosmetics. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52:125-32. 2. Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments--2002/2003. International Journal of Toxicology, 24(Suppl. 1):1-102, 200.
Dr. Brarat Sharma is a physician and writer specializing in skin care conditions including acne and rosacea.